Meh, I cheated and got the 5th dose and have been fine since. The worst thing that could happen to you is a newly tracked flag.
I dunno. I haven't looked at the Galomax code, but if your hypothetical 'galomax pills consumed count' exceeds what it should for the subsequent scenes that assume you've only taken 4, you're definitely going to run into some trouble. Assuming the flag for tracking the consumption is already in the game, there is nothing a dev could do to "correct the error", because you've already fudged it. I guess they could invent a new flag and transfer the old flag's value to it, just making it cap out at 4, but that's going to cause its own boatload of problems. Anyway, in order to avoid you skipping scenes (like immediately finding a scene that's only meant to be accessible after 7 pills because you cheated a few in) there'll have to be additional checks to ensure your goo score isn't higher than it should be. This wouldn't be such a big deal if the goo stuff didn't also affect your appearance, but maybe they can just hide stuff under the hood and have the player be none the wiser.
Tl;dr you won't run into any problems
yet, but it is highly likely you will in the future when more content is available for it. Pretty sure Fen and Savin have both warned people about this, actually. Wouldn't be surprised if they just went without error checking and you'll have to deal with the consequences, but don't quote me on that.